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... Truffle species
White truffle (
Tuber magnatum )
White
truffle has extraordinary feature puting him on first place of
all other truffles, rated so highly and most expensive mushroom
on world.
The
biggest found speciment was 1,31 kg. The average size of fruting
body is 20gr. although there are larger speciments. Mostly they
are irregular round shape with smaller
or biger knots which depends of ground type and plant type which
makes simbiotic life with truffle. Surface is smooth, without
wartlike protuberance yellowish-whitish or greenish colour. On cross section flash is mostly in
diferent nuance of pinkish colour with twist whitish veins. His
smell is intensive and stronger of other truffles smells. Colour
and smell are determinated by simbiotic plant. In our area we
can find him in valley forests. On almost all ground types white
truffle has found. One of most important prerequisite for
truffle growth is chemistry composition and his pH value. In our
conditions best ground is lite sour or neutral. White truffle is
usually in association with oak and poplar.
Maturing fruting bodyes begin from middle of Septembar to end of
December. During mild winter maturing is even by middle of
January.
Black autumn truffle ( Tuber
macrosporum )
Black
autumn truffle is most respected mushroom. His smell is very
similar with white truffle smell, and they have a lot’s of
common feature. Shape of fruting body is round or irregular
round with genttle knots. Surface is covered with small warts
rustish-black colour. His cross
section is dark brown colour, with irregular twisted thin white
tendon. He growing on same or similar residence like white
truffle, but he can get on higher height above sea level. About
physical-chemistry composition of ground, he is some tolerant,
so that is reason of higher dissemination.
He get association with oak and poplar. His mature is
from September to end of January.
Summer truffle ( Tuber aestivum
)
This kind
of black truffle mature in summer.
Shape of fruting body is
irregular round whit genttle knots. Outher shell is dark-brown
or black whit obese warts. On cross section he is light brown
colour with large white tendon. Smell is pleasure and reminds on
mushroom’s smell average quality. He falls into most
disseminated kind of truffles. We can find him in valley forest,
across hilly fields even in beech area. Above all, he gets in
association with all types of oak, hornbeam, hazel tree, poplar,
linden tree. Fruting body matures
during summer till late autumn.
Winter truffle ( Tuber brumale
)
This kind
of truffle is well known like winther truffle because his
fruting body maturing last of begining November till the midlle
of March. Outher shell is dark brown or black, whit small knots
on surface. Cross section is dark grey with wide white tendons.
Smell is strong and pleasant. He spreads from valley forest to
area where beech begin. Live’s in
association with oak, poplar, hornbeam, lindon tree.
Truffle with hole ( Tuber
mesentericum )
It’s consum
kind of truffle but not rated high, because it’s has a specific
chemistry smell. Specific for this kind is a hole on down side.
Round or irregular round shape. Outher shell is black with small
knots. Cross section is black-gray colour with white tendons. It
isn’t diseminate widly at Serbia, but in Europe is better
situation. We can find him on higher
height-above sea level, on carbonate ground. Get’s in mycorrhiza
with oak, hornbeam, beech. Maturing is from Septembar till
January.
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